SS-31 (Elamipretide)

How It Works

SS-31 selectively targets cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane due to its alternating aromatic-cationic motif. By stabilizing cardiolipin-cytochrome c interactions, it optimizes electron transport chain efficiency, reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and prevents mitochondrial-triggered apoptosis. This restores energy production at the cellular level.

Key Research Findings

• Concentrates 5,000-fold in mitochondria compared to cytoplasm
• Restores mitochondrial function in aging cells and tissues
• In clinical trials for heart failure, Barth syndrome, and age-related macular degeneration
• Reversed age-related vascular stiffness and improved cardiac function in animal models

Common Research Protocols

Use our free dosing calculator to determine exact syringe units after reconstitution.

Reconstitution Guide

Follow these steps to properly reconstitute SS-31 (Elamipretide) for research use:

• Step 1: Swab the tops of both the peptide vial and bacteriostatic water vial with alcohol.
• Step 2: Draw your desired amount of BAC water (commonly 1–2 mL) into an insulin syringe.
• Step 3: Inject the water slowly into the peptide vial, aiming at the glass wall — not directly onto the powder.
• Step 4: Swirl the vial gently until fully dissolved — never shake.
• Step 5: Refrigerate at 36–46°F (2–8°C). Use within 4–6 weeks.

Use the dosing calculator to calculate your exact concentration (mcg per unit) and how many units to draw on your syringe.

Frequently Asked Questions

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